Node: Elements, Next: , Previous: Vias, Up: Drawing and Removing



Elements

Some of the functions related to elements only work if both the package layer and the pin layer are switched on.

Now that you're familiar with many of the basic commands, it is time to put the first element on the layout. First of all, you have to load data into the paste buffer. There are four ways to do this:

        1) load the data from a library
        2) load the data from a file
        3) copy data from an already existing element
        4) convert objects in the buffer into an element
     
We don't have any elements on the screen yet nor anything in the buffer, so we use number one.

Select lsi from the menu in the library window press <Btn1> twice at the appropriate text-line to get the MC68030 CPU. The data is loaded and the mode is switched to pastebuffer-mode. Each notify event now creates one of these beasts. Leave the mode by selecting a different one or by <Key>Escape which resets all modes.. The cross hair is located at the mark position as defined by the data file. Rotating the buffer contents is done by selecting the rotate entry of the Buffer menu or by pressing Shift<Key>F3. The contents of the buffer are valid until new data is loaded into it either by a cut-to-buffer operation, copy-to-buffer operation or by loading a new data file. There are 5 buffers available (possibly more or less if changed at compile time with the MAX_BUFFER variable in globalconfig.h). Switching between them is done by selecting a menu entry or by Shift<Key>1..MAX_BUFFER. Each of the two board sides has its own buffers.

The release includes all data files for the circuits that are used by the demo layout. The elements in the LED example are not found in the library, but you can lift them from the example itself if you want. If you have problems with the color of the cross hair, change the resource cross hairColor setting to a different one.

Now load a second circuit, the MC68882 FPU for example. Create the circuit as explained above. You now have two different unnamed elements. Unnamed means that the layout-name of the element hasn't been set yet. Selecting description from the Display menu displays the description string of the two circuits which are CPU and FPU. The values of the circuits are set to MC68030 and MC68882. Each of the names of an element may be changed by <Key>n at the elements location and editing the old name in the bottom input line. Naming pins and vias is similar to elements. You can hide the element name so that it won't appear on the board silkscreen by pressing <key>h with the cursor over the element. Doing so again un-hides the element name.

Entering :le and selecting an element data file is the second way to load circuits.

The third way to create a new element is to copy an existing one. Please refer to Moving and Copying.

The fourth way to create a new element is to convert a buffer's contents into an element. Here's how it's done: Select the Via-tool from the Tool pallet. Set the grid spacing to something appropriate for the element pin spacing. Now create a series of vias where the pins go. Create them in pin number order. It is often handy to place a reference point (!Ctrl<Key>m) in the center of the first pin in order to measure the location of the other pins. Next make a solder-side layer the active layer from the active-layer popup menu. Now draw the outline of the element using lines and arcs. When you're done, select everything that makes up the element with a box selection (<Btn3Down> drag, <Btn3Up>). Now select "cut selection to buffer" from the Buffer menu. Position the cursor over the center of pin 1 and press the left button to load the data into the buffer. Finally select "convert buffer to element" from the Buffer menu. You'll only want to create elements this way if they aren't already in the library. It's also probably a good idea to do this before starting any of the other aspects of a layout, but it isn't necessary.

To display the pinout of a circuit move to it and press Shift<Key>d or select show pinout from the Objects menu. A new window pops up and displays the complete pinout of the element. This display can be difficult to read if the component has been rotated 90 degrees :-( therefore, the new window will show an un-rotated view so the pin names are readable. <Key>d displays the name of one or all pins/pads inside the Layout area, this is only for display on-screen, it has no effect on any printing of the layout.

You also may want to change a pin's or pad's current size by pressing <Key>s to increase or Shift<Key>s to decrease it. While this is possible, it is not recommended since care was probably taken to define the element structure in the first place. You can also change the thickness of the element's silkscreen outline with the same keys. You can change whether a pin or SMD pad is rounded or square with the <Key>q. SMD pads should usually have squared ends. Finally, you can change whether the non-square pins are round or octagonal with the !Ctrl<Key>o.

SMD elements and silkscreen objects are drawn in the "invisible object" color if they are located on the opposite side of the board.

For information on element connections refer to Connection Lists.