Orc Opcodes

Orc Opcodes — Description of Opcodes

Orc Opcodes

Opcodes only work with variables of a particular size. In the table below, destination and source indicate the size of the destination and source operands, in bytes. In general, opcodes have a suffix indicating the sizes, "b" for 1-byte operations, "w" for 2-byte operations, and "l" for 4-byte operations. If the source and destination have different sizes, the source size suffix is listed first, then the destination suffix. For example, converting a 1-byte variable to 2-byte can be performed using the "convsbw" opcode.

Signed, unsigned, and saturating operations are indicated by the letters "s", "u", and "s". If signed or unsigned is not indicated, it generally means that the signedness is not relevant to the definition of the opcode, and that the operation on signed or unsigned values will give the same result.

The "select" opcodes divide the bits in the source value into two halves. For "select0", the half that is first in memory order is selected, and the latter half for "select1". In other words, "convwb" is the same as "select0wb" on little-endian systems, and "select1wb" on big-endian systems.

The "merge" opcodes take two values and put them together in memory order.

Accumulating opcodes require an accumulator variable as the destination. Accumulating opcodes start with "acc". These opcodes sum the source values over the entire array, and can be read from the OrcExecutor structure after an execution of an Orc program.

Shift opcodes only work with constants or parameters as the second source value.

For more precise understanding of operations, it is recommended to compile a program for the C target and examine the resulting C source code.

Table 1. Table of Opcodes

opcode destination source 1 source 2 description pseudo code
absb 1 1   absolute value (a < 0) ? -a : a
addb 1 1 1 add a + b
addssb 1 1 1 add with signed saturate clamp(a + b)
addusb 1 1 1 add with unsigned saturate clamp(a + b)
andb 1 1 1 bitwise AND a & b
andnb 1 1 1 bitwise AND NOT a & (~b)
avgsb 1 1 1 signed average (a + b + 1)>>1
avgub 1 1 1 unsigned average (a + b + 1)>>1
cmpeqb 1 1 1 compare equal (a == b) ? (~0) : 0
cmpgtsb 1 1 1 compare greater than (a > b) ? (~0) : 0
copyb 1 1   copy a
maxsb 1 1 1 signed maximum (a > b) ? a : b
maxub 1 1 1 unsigned maximum (a > b) ? a : b
minsb 1 1 1 signed minimum (a < b) ? a : b
minub 1 1 1 unsigned minimum (a < b) ? a : b
mullb 1 1 1 low bits of multiply a * b
mulhsb 1 1 1 high bits of signed multiply (a * b) >> 8
mulhub 1 1 1 high bits of unsigned multiply (a * b) >> 8
orb 1 1 1 bitwise or a | b
shlb 1 1 1 shift left a << b
shrsb 1 1 1 signed shift right a >> b
shrub 1 1 1 unsigned shift right a >> b
signb 1 1   sign sign(a)
subb 1 1 1 subtract a - b
subssb 1 1 1 subtract with signed saturate clamp(a - b)
subusb 1 1 1 subtract with unsigned saturate clamp(a - b)
xorb 1 1 1 bitwise XOR a ^ b
absw 2 2   absolute value (a < 0) ? -a : a
addw 2 2 2 add a + b
addssw 2 2 2 add with signed saturate clamp(a + b)
addusw 2 2 2 add with unsigned saturate clamp(a + b)
andw 2 2 2 bitwise AND a & b
andnw 2 2 2 bitwise AND NOT a & (~b)
avgsw 2 2 2 signed average (a + b + 1)>>1
avguw 2 2 2 unsigned average (a + b + 1)>>1
cmpeqw 2 2 2 compare equal (a == b) ? (~0) : 0
cmpgtsw 2 2 2 compare greater than (a > b) ? (~0) : 0
copyw 2 2   copy a
maxsw 2 2 2 signed maximum (a > b) ? a : b
maxuw 2 2 2 unsigned maximum (a > b) ? a : b
minsw 2 2 2 signed minimum (a < b) ? a : b
minuw 2 2 2 unsigned minimum (a < b) ? a : b
mullw 2 2 2 low bits of multiply a * b
mulhsw 2 2 2 high bits of signed multiply (a * b) >> 8
mulhuw 2 2 2 high bits of unsigned multiply (a * b) >> 8
orw 2 2 2 bitwise or a | b
shlw 2 2 2 shift left a << b
shrsw 2 2 2 signed shift right a >> b
shruw 2 2 2 unsigned shift right a >> b
signw 2 2   sign sign(a)
subw 2 2 2 subtract a - b
subssw 2 2 2 subtract with signed saturate clamp(a - b)
subusw 2 2 2 subtract with unsigned saturate clamp(a - b)
xorw 2 2 2 bitwise XOR a ^ b
absl 4 4   absolute value (a < 0) ? -a : a
addl 4 4 4 add a + b
addssl 4 4 4 add with signed saturate clamp(a + b)
addusl 4 4 4 add with unsigned saturate clamp(a + b)
andl 4 4 4 bitwise AND a & b
andnl 4 4 4 bitwise AND NOT a & (~b)
avgsl 4 4 4 signed average (a + b + 1)>>1
avgul 4 4 4 unsigned average (a + b + 1)>>1
cmpeql 4 4 4 compare equal (a == b) ? (~0) : 0
cmpgtsl 4 4 4 compare greater than (a > b) ? (~0) : 0
copyl 4 4   copy a
maxsl 4 4 4 signed maximum (a > b) ? a : b
maxul 4 4 4 unsigned maximum (a > b) ? a : b
minsl 4 4 4 signed minimum (a < b) ? a : b
minul 4 4 4 unsigned minimum (a < b) ? a : b
mulll 4 4 4 low bits of multiply a * b
mulhsl 4 4 4 high bits of signed multiply (a * b) >> 8
mulhul 4 4 4 high bits of unsigned multiply (a * b) >> 8
orl 4 4 4 bitwise or a | b
shll 4 4 4 shift left a << b
shrsl 4 4 4 signed shift right a >> b
shrul 4 4 4 unsigned shift right a >> b
signl 4 4   sign sign(a)
subl 4 4 4 subtract a - b
subssl 4 4 4 subtract with signed saturate clamp(a - b)
subusl 4 4 4 subtract with unsigned saturate clamp(a - b)
xorl 4 4 4 bitwise XOR a ^ b
convsbw 2 1   convert signed a
convubw 2 1   convert unsigned a
convswl 4 2   convert signed a
convuwl 4 2   convert unsigned a
convwb 1 2   convert a
convssswb 1 2   convert signed to signed with saturation clamp(a)
convsuswb 1 2   convert signed to unsigned with saturation clamp(a)
convusswb 1 2   convert unsigned to signed with saturation clamp(a)
convuuswb 1 2   convert unsigned to unsigned with saturation clamp(a)
convlw 2 4   convert a
convssslw 2 4   convert signed to unsigned with saturation clamp(a)
convsuslw 2 4   convert signed to signed with saturation clamp(a)
convusslw 2 4   convert unsigned to unsigned with saturation clamp(a)
convuuslw 2 4   convert unsigned to signed with saturation clamp(a)
mulsbw 2 1 1 multiply signed a * b
mulubw 2 1 1 multiply unsigned a * b
mulswl 4 2 2 multiply signed a * b
muluwl 4 2 2 multiply unsigned a * b
accw 2 2   accumulate += a
accl 4 4   accumulate += a
accsadubl 4 1 1 accumulate absolute difference += abs(a - b)
swapw 2 2   endianness swap special
swapl 4 4   endianness swap special
select0wb 1 2   select first half special
select1wb 1 2   select second half special
select0lw 2 4   select first half special
select1lw 2 4   select second half special
mergewl 4 2 2 merge halves special
mergebw 2 1 1 merge halves special

In the pseudo code of the above table, abs() indicates absolute value, clamp() indicates that any values outside the destination range are set to the nearest value in the destination range, and sign() evaluates to -1 for values less than 0, 1 for values greater than 0, and 0 for 0.

Rule Coverage

The values for shift operations are not correct in this table.

Table 2. Table of Opcode Rule Coverage

opcode name sse mmx altivec arm
absb yes yes no no
addb yes yes yes no
addssb yes yes yes no
addusb yes yes yes no
andb yes yes yes no
andnb yes yes yes no
avgsb yes yes yes no
avgub yes yes yes no
cmpeqb yes yes yes no
cmpgtsb yes yes yes no
copyb yes yes yes no
maxsb yes yes yes no
maxub yes yes yes no
minsb yes yes yes no
minub yes yes yes no
mullb no no yes no
mulhsb no no yes no
mulhub no no yes no
orb yes yes yes no
shlb no no no no
shrsb no no no no
shrub no no no no
signb yes yes yes no
subb yes yes yes no
subssb yes yes yes no
subusb yes yes yes no
xorb yes yes yes no
absw yes yes no no
addw yes yes yes yes
addssw yes yes yes no
addusw yes yes yes no
andw yes yes yes no
andnw yes yes yes no
avgsw yes yes yes no
avguw yes yes yes no
cmpeqw yes yes yes no
cmpgtsw yes yes yes no
copyw yes yes yes no
maxsw yes yes yes no
maxuw yes yes yes no
minsw yes yes yes no
minuw yes yes yes no
mullw yes yes yes yes
mulhsw yes yes yes no
mulhuw yes yes yes no
orw yes yes yes no
shlw no no no no
shrsw no no no yes
shruw no no no no
signw yes yes yes no
subw yes yes yes yes
subssw yes yes yes no
subusw yes yes yes no
xorw yes yes yes no
absl yes yes no no
addl yes yes yes no
addssl no no yes no
addusl no no yes no
andl yes yes yes no
andnl yes yes yes no
avgsl no no yes no
avgul no no yes no
cmpeql yes yes yes no
cmpgtsl yes yes yes no
copyl yes yes yes no
maxsl yes yes yes no
maxul yes yes yes no
minsl yes yes yes no
minul yes yes yes no
mulll no no no no
mulhsl no no no no
mulhul no no no no
orl yes yes yes no
shll no no no no
shrsl no no no no
shrul no no no no
signl yes yes yes no
subl yes yes yes no
subssl no no yes no
subusl no no yes no
xorl yes yes yes no
convsbw yes yes yes no
convubw yes yes yes no
convswl yes yes yes no
convuwl yes yes yes no
convwb yes yes yes no
convssswb yes yes yes no
convsuswb yes yes yes no
convusswb no no no no
convuuswb no no yes no
convlw yes yes yes no
convssslw yes yes yes no
convsuslw no no yes no
convusslw no no no no
convuuslw no no yes no
mulsbw no no yes no
mulubw no no yes no
mulswl yes yes yes no
muluwl no no yes no
accw yes yes yes no
accl yes yes yes no
accsadubl yes yes yes no
swapw yes yes no no
swapl yes yes no no
select0wb yes yes no no
select1wb yes yes no no
select0lw yes yes no no
select1lw yes yes no no
mergewl yes yes no no
mergebw yes yes no no