First use NF_INQ, which will tell you how many variables and global attributes there are in the file. Then start with varid 1, and proceed to varid nvars, calling NF_INQ_VAR.
For a typical sequence of calls to these functions see Reading a netCDF Dataset with Unknown Names.
NF_INQ. | Find number of dimensions, variables, and global attributes, and the unlimited dimid.
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NF_INQ_DIM. | Find dimension name and length.
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NF_INQ_VARID. | Find variable ID from its name.
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NF_INQ_VAR. | Find variable name, type, num dimensions, dim IDs, and num attributes.
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NF_INQ_DIMID. | Find dimension ID from its name.
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NF_INQ_DIM. | Find dimension name and length.
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NF_INQ_ATT. | Find attribute name, type, and length.
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NF_INQ_FORMAT. | Find file format: classic or 64-bit offset
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NF_INQ_LIBVERS. | Find the netCDF version. (Currently 3.6.2).
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