Module Cerealizer
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Source Code for Module Cerealizer

  1  # Cerealizer 
  2  # Copyright (C) 2005-2006 Jean-Baptiste LAMY 
  3  # 
  4  # This program is free software. 
  5  # It is available under the Python licence. 
  6   
  7  try: 
  8    set 
  9  except: 
 10    import sets 
 11    set = sets.Set 
12 - class frozenset(set): pass
13 14 """Cerealizer -- A secure Pickle-like module 15 16 The interface of the Cerealizer module is similar to Pickle, and it supports 17 __getstate__, __setstate__, __getinitargs__ and __getnewargs__. 18 19 Cerealizer supports int, long, float, bool, complex, string, unicode, tuple, list, set, frozenset, 20 dict, old-style and new-style class instances. C-defined types are supported but saving the C-side 21 data may require to write e.g. a specific Handler or a __getstate__ and __setstate__ pair. 22 Objects with __slots__ are supported too. 23 24 You have to register the class you want to serialize, by calling cerealizer.register(YourClass). 25 Cerealizer can be considered as secure AS LONG AS the following methods of 'YourClass' are secure: 26 - __new__ 27 - __del__ 28 - __getstate__ 29 - __setstate__ 30 - __init__ (ONLY if __getinitargs__ is used for the class) 31 32 These methods are the only one Cerealizer may call. For a higher security, Cerealizer maintains 33 its own reference to these method (exepted __del__ that can only be called indirectly). 34 35 Cerealizer doesn't aim at producing Human-readable files. About performances, Cerealizer is 36 really fast and, when powered by Psyco, it may even beat cPickle! Although Cerealizer is 37 implemented in less than 500 lines of pure-Python code (which is another reason for Cerealizer 38 to be secure, since less code means less bugs :-). 39 40 Compared to Pickle (cPickle): 41 - Cerealizer is secure 42 - Cerealizer achieves similar performances (using Psyco) 43 - Cerealizer requires you to declare the serializable classes 44 45 Compared to Jelly (from TwistedMatrix): 46 - Cerealizer is faster 47 - Cerealizer does a better job with object cycles, C-defined types and tuples (*) 48 - Cerealizer files are not Human readable 49 50 (*) Jelly handles them, but tuples and objects in a cycle are first created as _Tuple or 51 _Dereference objects; this works for Python classes, but not with C-defined types which 52 expects a precise type (e.g. tuple and not _Tuple). 53 54 55 56 IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS 57 58 GENERAL FILE FORMAT STRUCTURE 59 60 Cerealizer format is simple but quite surprising. It uses a "double flat list" format. 61 It looks like that : 62 63 <magic code (currently cereal1)>\\n 64 <number of objects>\\n 65 <classname of object #0>\\n 66 <optional data for creating object #0 (currently nothing except for tuples)> 67 <classname of object #0>\\n 68 <optional data for creating object #0 (currently nothing except for tuples)> 69 [...] 70 <data of object #0 (format depend of the type of object #1)> 71 <data of object #0 (format depend of the type of object #1)> 72 [...] 73 <reference to the 'root' object> 74 75 As you can see, the information for a given object is splitted in two parts, the first one 76 for object's class, and the second one for the object's data. 77 78 To avoid problems, the order of the objects is the following: 79 80 <list, dict, set> 81 <object, instance> 82 <tuple, sorted by depth (=max number of folded tuples)> 83 84 Objects are put after basic types (list,...), since object's __setstate__ might rely on 85 a list, and thus the list must be fully loaded BEFORE calling the object's __setstate__. 86 87 88 DATA (<data of object #n> above) 89 90 The part <data of object #n> saves the data of object #n. It may contains reference to other data 91 (see below, in Cerealizer references include reference to other objects but also raw data like int). 92 93 - an object is saved by : <reference to the object state (the value returned by object.__getstate__() or object.__dict__)> 94 e.g. 'r7\\n' (object #7 being e.g. the __dict__). 95 96 - a list or a set is saved by : <number of item>\\n 97 <reference to item #0> 98 <reference to item #1> 99 [...] 100 e.g. '3\\ni0\\ni1\\ni2\\n' for [0, 1, 2] 101 102 - a dict is saved by : <number of item>\\n 103 <reference to value #0> 104 <reference to key #0> 105 <reference to value #1> 106 <reference to key #1> 107 [...] 108 109 110 REFERENCES (<reference to XXX> above) 111 112 In Cerealizer a reference can be either a reference to another object beign serialized in the 113 same file, or a raw value (e.g. an integer). 114 - an int is saved by e.g. 'i187\\n' 115 - a long is saved by e.g. 'l10000000000\\n' 116 - a float is saved by e.g. 'f1.07\\n' 117 - a bool is saved by 'b0' or 'b1' 118 - a string is saved by e.g. 's5\\nascii' (where 5 is the number of characters) 119 - an unicode is saved by e.g. 'u4\\nutf8' (where 4 is the number of characters) 120 - an object reference is saved by e.g. 'r3\\n' (where 3 means reference to object #3) 121 - None is saved by 'n' 122 """ 123 124 __alls__ = ["load", "dump", "loads", "dumps", "freeze_configuration", "register"] 125 VERSION = "0.5" 126 127 import logging 128 logger = logging.getLogger("cerealizer") 129 #logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO) 130 131 from cStringIO import StringIO 132 from new import instance 133
134 -class NotCerealizerFileError(StandardError): pass
135 -class NonCerealizableObjectError(StandardError): pass
136
137 -def _priority_sorter(a, b): return cmp(a[0], b[0])
138
139 -class Dumper(object):
140 - def dump(self, root_obj, s):
141 self.objs = [] 142 self.objs_id = set() 143 self.priorities_objs = [] # [(priority1, obj1), (priority2, obj2),...] 144 self.obj2state = {} 145 self.obj2newargs = {} 146 self.id2id = {} 147 148 self.collect(root_obj) 149 self.priorities_objs.sort(_priority_sorter) 150 self.objs.extend([o for (priority, o) in self.priorities_objs]) 151 152 s.write("cereal1\n%s\n" % len(self.objs)) 153 154 i = 0 155 for obj in self.objs: 156 self.id2id[id(obj)] = i 157 i += 1 158 for obj in self.objs: _HANDLERS_[obj.__class__].dump_obj (obj, self, s) 159 for obj in self.objs: _HANDLERS_[obj.__class__].dump_data(obj, self, s) 160 161 _HANDLERS_[root_obj.__class__].dump_ref(root_obj, self, s)
162
163 - def undump(self, s):
164 if s.read(8) != "cereal1\n": raise NotCerealizerFileError("Not a cerealizer file!") 165 166 nb = int(s.readline()) 167 self.id2obj = [ None ] * nb # DO NOT DO self.id2obj = [comprehension list], since undump_ref may access id2obj during its construction 168 for i in range(nb): 169 classname = s.readline() 170 handler = _HANDLERS.get(classname) 171 if not handler: raise NonCerealizableObjectError("Object of class/type '%s' cannot be de-cerealized! Use cerealizer.register to extend Cerealizer support to other classes." % classname[:-1]) 172 self.id2obj[i] = handler.undump_obj(self, s) 173 for obj in self.id2obj: _HANDLERS_[obj.__class__].undump_data(obj, self, s) 174 175 return self.undump_ref(s)
176
177 - def collect(self, obj):
178 """Dumper.collect(OBJ) -> bool 179 180 Collects OBJ for serialization. Returns false is OBJ is already collected; else returns true.""" 181 handler = _HANDLERS_.get(obj.__class__) 182 if not handler: raise NonCerealizableObjectError("Object of class/type '%s' cannot be cerealized! Use cerealizer.register to extend Cerealizer support to other classes." % obj.__class__) 183 handler.collect(obj, self)
184
185 - def dump_ref (self, obj, s):
186 """Dumper.dump_ref(OBJ, S) 187 188 Writes a reference to OBJ in file S.""" 189 _HANDLERS_[obj.__class__].dump_ref(obj, self, s)
190
191 - def undump_ref(self, s):
192 """Dumper.undump_ref(S) -> obj 193 194 Reads a reference from file S.""" 195 c = s.read(1) 196 if c == "i": return int (s.readline()) 197 elif c == "f": return float(s.readline()) 198 elif c == "s": return s.read(int(s.readline())) 199 elif c == "u": return s.read(int(s.readline())).decode("utf8") 200 elif c == "r": return self.id2obj[int(s.readline())] 201 elif c == "n": return None 202 elif c == "b": return bool(int(s.read(1))) 203 elif c == "l": return long(s.readline()) 204 elif c == "c": return complex(s.readline()) 205 raise ValueError("Unknown ref code '%s'!" % c)
206
207 - def immutable_depth(self, t):
208 depth = 0 209 for i in t: 210 i2 = self.obj2newargs.get(id(i)) 211 if not i2 is None: i = i2 212 if isinstance(i, tuple) or isinstance(i, frozenset): 213 x = self.immutable_depth(i) 214 if x > depth: depth = x 215 return depth + 1
216
217 -class Handler(object):
218 """Handler 219 220 A customized handler for serialization and deserialization. 221 You can subclass it to extend cerealization support to new object. 222 See also ObjHandler.""" 223
224 - def collect(self, obj, dumper):
225 """Handler.collect(obj, dumper) -> bool 226 227 Collects all the objects referenced by OBJ. 228 For each objects ROBJ referenced by OBJ, calls collect method of the Handler for ROBJ's class, 229 i.e._HANDLERS_[ROBJ.__class__].collect(ROBJ, dumper). 230 Returns false if OBJ is already referenced (and thus no collection should occur); else returns true. 231 """ 232 i = id(obj) 233 if not i in dumper.objs_id: 234 dumper.objs.append(obj) 235 dumper.objs_id.add(i) 236 return 1
237
238 - def dump_obj (self, obj, dumper, s):
239 """Handler.dump_obj(obj, dumper, s) 240 241 Dumps OBJ classname in file S.""" 242 s.write(self.classname)
243
244 - def dump_data(self, obj, dumper, s):
245 """Handler.dump_data(obj, dumper, s) 246 247 Dumps OBJ data in file S."""
248
249 - def dump_ref (self, obj, dumper, s):
250 """Handler.dump_ref(obj, dumper, s) 251 252 Write a reference to OBJ in file S. 253 You should not override dump_ref, since they is no corresponding 'undump_ref' that you 254 can override.""" 255 s.write("r%s\n" % dumper.id2id[id(obj)])
256
257 - def undump_obj(self, dumper, s):
258 """Handler.undump_obj(dumper, s) 259 260 Returns a new uninitialized (=no __init__'ed) instance of the class. 261 If you override undump_obj, DUMPER and file S can be used to read additional data 262 saved by Handler.dump_obj()."""
263
264 - def undump_data(self, obj, dumper, s):
265 """Handler.undump_data(obj, dumper, s) 266 267 Reads the data for OBJ, from DUMPER and file S. 268 If you override undump_data, you should use DUMPER.undump_ref(S) to 269 read a reference or a basic type (=a string, an int,...)."""
270 271
272 -class RefHandler(object):
273 - def collect (self, obj, dumper) : pass
274 - def dump_obj (self, obj, dumper, s): pass
275 - def dump_data(self, obj, dumper, s): pass
276
277 -class NoneHandler(RefHandler):
278 - def dump_ref (self, obj, dumper, s): s.write("n")
279
280 -class StrHandler(RefHandler):
281 - def dump_ref (self, obj, dumper, s): s.write("s%s\n%s" % (len(obj), obj))
282
283 -class UnicodeHandler(RefHandler):
284 - def dump_ref (self, obj, dumper, s):
285 obj = obj.encode("utf8") 286 s.write("u%s\n%s" % (len(obj), obj))
287
288 -class BoolHandler(RefHandler):
289 - def dump_ref (self, obj, dumper, s): s.write("b%s" % int(obj))
290
291 -class IntHandler(RefHandler):
292 - def dump_ref (self, obj, dumper, s): s.write("i%s\n" % obj)
293
294 -class LongHandler(RefHandler):
295 - def dump_ref (self, obj, dumper, s): s.write("l%s\n" % obj)
296
297 -class FloatHandler(RefHandler):
298 - def dump_ref (self, obj, dumper, s): s.write("f%s\n" % obj)
299
300 -class ComplexHandler(RefHandler):
301 - def dump_ref (self, obj, dumper, s):
302 c = str(obj) 303 if c.startswith("("): c = c[1:-1] # complex("(1+2j)") doesn't work 304 s.write("c%s\n" % c)
305 306
307 -class TupleHandler(Handler):
308 classname = "tuple\n"
309 - def collect(self, obj, dumper):
310 if not id(obj) in dumper.objs_id: 311 dumper.priorities_objs.append((dumper.immutable_depth(obj), obj)) 312 dumper.objs_id.add(id(obj)) 313 314 for i in obj: dumper.collect(i) 315 return 1
316
317 - def dump_obj(self, obj, dumper, s):
318 s.write("%s%s\n" % (self.classname, len(obj))) 319 for i in obj: _HANDLERS_[i.__class__].dump_ref(i, dumper, s)
320
321 - def undump_obj(self, dumper, s): return tuple([dumper.undump_ref(s) for i in range(int(s.readline()))])
322
323 -class FrozensetHandler(TupleHandler):
324 classname = "frozenset\n"
325 - def undump_obj(self, dumper, s): return frozenset([dumper.undump_ref(s) for i in range(int(s.readline()))])
326 327
328 -class ListHandler(Handler):
329 classname = "list\n"
330 - def collect(self, obj, dumper):
331 if Handler.collect(self, obj, dumper): 332 for i in obj: dumper.collect(i) 333 return 1
334
335 - def dump_data(self, obj, dumper, s):
336 s.write("%s\n" % len(obj)) 337 for i in obj: _HANDLERS_[i.__class__].dump_ref(i, dumper, s)
338
339 - def undump_obj(self, dumper, s): return []
340
341 - def undump_data(self, obj, dumper, s):
342 for i in range(int(s.readline())): obj.append(dumper.undump_ref(s))
343
344 -class SetHandler(ListHandler):
345 classname = "set\n"
346 - def undump_obj(self, dumper, s): return set()
347 - def undump_data(self, obj, dumper, s):
348 for i in range(int(s.readline())): obj.add(dumper.undump_ref(s))
349
350 -class DictHandler(Handler):
351 classname = "dict\n"
352 - def collect(self, obj, dumper):
353 if Handler.collect(self, obj, dumper): 354 for i in obj.iterkeys (): dumper.collect(i) # Collect is not ordered 355 for i in obj.itervalues(): dumper.collect(i) 356 return 1
357
358 - def dump_data(self, obj, dumper, s):
359 s.write("%s\n" % len(obj)) 360 for k, v in obj.iteritems(): 361 _HANDLERS_[v.__class__].dump_ref(v, dumper, s) # Value is saved fist 362 _HANDLERS_[k.__class__].dump_ref(k, dumper, s)
363
364 - def undump_obj(self, dumper, s): return {}
365
366 - def undump_data(self, obj, dumper, s):
367 for i in range(int(s.readline())): 368 obj[dumper.undump_ref(s)] = dumper.undump_ref(s) # Value is read fist
369 370
371 -class ObjHandler(Handler):
372 """ObjHandler 373 374 A Cerealizer Handler that can support any new-style class instances, old-style class instances 375 as well as C-defined types (although it may not save the C-side data)."""
376 - def __init__(self, Class, classname = ""):
377 self.Class = Class 378 self.Class_new = getattr(Class, "__new__" , instance) 379 self.Class_getstate = getattr(Class, "__getstate__", None) # Check for and store __getstate__ and __setstate__ now 380 self.Class_setstate = getattr(Class, "__setstate__", None) # so we are are they are not modified in the class or the object 381 if classname: self.classname = "%s\n" % classname 382 else: self.classname = "%s.%s\n" % (Class.__module__, Class.__name__)
383
384 - def collect(self, obj, dumper):
385 i = id(obj) 386 if not i in dumper.objs_id: 387 dumper.priorities_objs.append((-1, obj)) 388 dumper.objs_id.add(i) 389 390 if self.Class_getstate: state = self.Class_getstate(obj) 391 else: state = obj.__dict__ 392 dumper.obj2state[i] = state 393 dumper.collect(state) 394 return 1
395
396 - def dump_data(self, obj, dumper, s):
397 i = dumper.obj2state[id(obj)] 398 _HANDLERS_[i.__class__].dump_ref(i, dumper, s)
399
400 - def undump_obj(self, dumper, s): return self.Class_new(self.Class)
401
402 - def undump_data(self, obj, dumper, s):
403 if self.Class_setstate: self.Class_setstate(obj, dumper.undump_ref(s)) 404 else: obj.__dict__ = dumper.undump_ref(s)
405
406 -class SlotedObjHandler(ObjHandler):
407 """SlotedObjHandler 408 409 A Cerealizer Handler that can support new-style class instances with __slot__."""
410 - def __init__(self, Class, classname = ""):
411 ObjHandler.__init__(self, Class, classname) 412 self.Class_slots = Class.__slots__
413
414 - def collect(self, obj, dumper):
415 i = id(obj) 416 if not i in dumper.objs_id: 417 dumper.priorities_objs.append((-1, obj)) 418 dumper.objs_id.add(i) 419 420 if self.Class_getstate: state = self.Class_getstate(obj) 421 else: state = dict([(slot, getattr(obj, slot, None)) for slot in self.Class_slots]) 422 dumper.obj2state[i] = state 423 dumper.collect(state) 424 return 1
425
426 - def undump_data(self, obj, dumper, s):
427 if self.Class_setstate: self.Class_setstate(obj, dumper.undump_ref(s)) 428 else: 429 state = dumper.undump_ref(s) 430 for slot in self.Class_slots: setattr(obj, slot, state[slot])
431
432 -class InitArgsObjHandler(ObjHandler):
433 """InitArgsObjHandler 434 435 A Cerealizer Handler that can support class instances with __getinitargs__."""
436 - def __init__(self, Class, classname = ""):
437 ObjHandler.__init__(self, Class, classname) 438 self.Class_getinitargs = Class.__getinitargs__ 439 self.Class_init = Class.__init__
440
441 - def collect(self, obj, dumper):
442 i = id(obj) 443 if not i in dumper.objs_id: 444 dumper.priorities_objs.append((-1, obj)) 445 dumper.objs_id.add(i) 446 447 dumper.obj2state[i] = state = self.Class_getinitargs(obj) 448 dumper.collect(state) 449 return 1
450
451 - def undump_data(self, obj, dumper, s): self.Class_init(obj, *dumper.undump_ref(s))
452
453 -class NewArgsObjHandler(ObjHandler):
454 """NewArgsObjHandler 455 456 A Cerealizer Handler that can support class instances with __getnewargs__."""
457 - def __init__(self, Class, classname = ""):
458 ObjHandler.__init__(self, Class, classname) 459 self.Class_getnewargs = Class.__getnewargs__
460
461 - def collect(self, obj, dumper):
462 i = id(obj) 463 if not i in dumper.objs_id: 464 dumper.obj2newargs[i] = newargs = self.Class_getnewargs(obj) 465 dumper.collect(newargs) 466 467 dumper.priorities_objs.append((dumper.immutable_depth(newargs), obj)) 468 dumper.objs_id.add(i) 469 470 if self.Class_getstate: state = self.Class_getstate(obj) 471 else: state = obj.__dict__ 472 dumper.obj2state[i] = state 473 dumper.collect(state) 474 return 1
475
476 - def dump_obj (self, obj, dumper, s):
477 s.write(self.classname) 478 newargs = dumper.obj2newargs[id(obj)] 479 _HANDLERS_[newargs.__class__].dump_ref(newargs, dumper, s)
480
481 - def undump_obj(self, dumper, s): return self.Class_new(self.Class, *dumper.undump_ref(s))
482 483 484 _configurable = 1 485 _HANDLERS = {} 486 _HANDLERS_ = {}
487 -def register(Class, handler = None, classname = ""):
488 """register(Class, handler = None, classname = "") 489 490 Registers CLASS as a serializable and secure class. 491 By calling register, YOU HAVE TO ASSUME THAT THE FOLLOWING METHODS ARE SECURE: 492 - CLASS.__new__ 493 - CLASS.__del__ 494 - CLASS.__getstate__ 495 - CLASS.__setstate__ 496 - CLASS.__getinitargs__ 497 - CLASS.__init__ (only if CLASS.__getinitargs__ exists) 498 499 HANDLER is the Cerealizer Handler object that handles serialization and deserialization for Class. 500 If not given, Cerealizer create an instance of ObjHandler, which is suitable for old-style and 501 new_style Python class, and also C-defined types (although if it has some C-side data, you may 502 have to write a custom Handler or a __getstate__ and __setstate__ pair). 503 504 CLASSNAME is the classname used in Cerealizer files. It defaults to the full classname (module.class) 505 but you may choose something shorter -- as long as there is no risk of name clash.""" 506 if not _configurable: raise StandardError("Cannot register new classes after freeze_configuration has been called!") 507 if "\n" in classname: raise ValueError("CLASSNAME cannot have \\n (Cerealizer automatically add a trailing \\n for performance reason)!") 508 if not handler: 509 if hasattr(Class, "__getnewargs__" ): handler = NewArgsObjHandler (Class, classname) 510 elif hasattr(Class, "__getinitargs__"): handler = InitArgsObjHandler(Class, classname) 511 elif hasattr(Class, "__slots__" ): handler = SlotedObjHandler (Class, classname) 512 else: handler = ObjHandler (Class, classname) 513 if _HANDLERS_.has_key(Class): raise ValueError("Class %s has already been registred!" % Class) 514 if not isinstance(handler, RefHandler): 515 if _HANDLERS .has_key(handler.classname): raise ValueError("A class has already been registred under the name %s!" % handler.classname[:-1]) 516 _HANDLERS [handler.classname] = handler 517 if handler.__class__ is ObjHandler: 518 logger.info("Registring class %s as '%s'" % (Class, handler.classname[:-1])) 519 else: 520 logger.info("Registring class %s as '%s' (using %s)" % (Class, handler.classname[:-1], handler.__class__.__name__)) 521 else: 522 logger.info("Registring reference '%s'" % Class) 523 524 _HANDLERS_[Class] = handler
525 526 register_class = register # For backward compatibility 527
528 -def register_alias(Class, alias):
529 """register_alias(Class, alias) 530 531 Registers ALIAS as an alias classname for CLASS. 532 Usefull for keeping backward compatibility in files: e.g. if you have renamed OldClass to 533 NewClass, just do: 534 535 cerealizer.register_alias(NewClass, "OldClass") 536 537 and you'll be able to open old files containing OldClass serialized.""" 538 handler = _HANDLERS_.get(Class) 539 if not handler: 540 raise ValueError("Cannot register alias '%s' to Class %s: the class is not yet registred!" % (alias, Class)) 541 if _HANDLERS.has_key(alias): 542 raise ValueError("Cannot register alias '%s' to Class %s: another class is already registred under the alias name!" % (alias, Class)) 543 logger.info("Registring alias '%s' for %s" % (alias, Class)) 544 _HANDLERS[alias + "\n"] = handler
545 546
547 -def freeze_configuration():
548 """freeze_configuration() 549 550 Ends Cerealizer configuration. When freeze_configuration() is called, it is no longer possible 551 to register classes, using register(). 552 Calling freeze_configuration() is not mandatory, but it may enforce security, by forbidding 553 unexpected calls to register().""" 554 global _configurable 555 _configurable = 0 556 logger.info("Configuration frozen")
557 558 register(type(None), NoneHandler ()) 559 register(str , StrHandler ()) 560 register(unicode , UnicodeHandler ()) 561 register(bool , BoolHandler ()) 562 register(int , IntHandler ()) 563 register(long , LongHandler ()) 564 register(float , FloatHandler ()) 565 register(complex , ComplexHandler ()) 566 register(dict , DictHandler ()) 567 register(list , ListHandler ()) 568 register(set , SetHandler ()) 569 register(tuple , TupleHandler ()) 570 register(frozenset , FrozensetHandler()) 571 572
573 -def dump(obj, file, protocol = 0):
574 """dump(obj, file, protocol = 0) 575 576 Serializes object OBJ in FILE. 577 PROTOCOL is unused, it exists only for compatibility with Pickle.""" 578 Dumper().dump(obj, file)
579
580 -def load(file):
581 """load(file) -> obj 582 583 De-serializes an object from FILE.""" 584 return Dumper().undump(file)
585
586 -def dumps(obj, protocol = 0):
587 """dumps(obj, protocol = 0) -> str 588 589 Serializes object OBJ and returns the serialized string. 590 PROTOCOL is unused, it exists only for compatibility with Pickle.""" 591 s = StringIO() 592 Dumper().dump(obj, s) 593 return s.getvalue()
594
595 -def loads(string):
596 """loads(file) -> obj 597 598 De-serializes an object from STRING.""" 599 return Dumper().undump(StringIO(string))
600 601
602 -def dump_class_of_module(*modules):
603 """dump_class_of_module(*modules) 604 605 Utility function; for each classes found in the given module, print the needed call to register.""" 606 class D: pass 607 class O(object): pass 608 s = set([c for module in modules for c in module.__dict__.values() if isinstance(c, type(D)) or isinstance(c, type(O))]) 609 l = ['cerealizer.register(%s.%s)' % (c.__module__, c.__name__) for c in s] 610 l.sort() 611 for i in l: print i
612