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39 """
40 Provides unit-testing utilities.
41
42 These utilities are kept here, separate from util.py, because they provide
43 common functionality that I do not want exported "publicly" once Cedar Backup
44 is installed on a system. They are only used for unit testing, and are only
45 useful within the source tree.
46
47 Many of these functions are in here because they are "good enough" for unit
48 test work but are not robust enough to be real public functions. Others (like
49 L{removedir}) do what they are supposed to, but I don't want responsibility for
50 making them available to others.
51
52 @sort: findResources, commandAvailable,
53 buildPath, removedir, extractTar, changeFileAge,
54 getMaskAsMode, getLogin, failUnlessAssignRaises, runningAsRoot,
55 platformDebian, platformMacOsX, platformCygwin, platformWindows,
56 platformHasEcho, platformSupportsLinks, platformSupportsPermissions,
57 platformRequiresBinaryRead
58
59 @author: Kenneth J. Pronovici <pronovic@ieee.org>
60 """
61
62
63
64
65
66
67 import sys
68 import os
69 import tarfile
70 import time
71 import getpass
72 import random
73 import string
74 import platform
75 import logging
76 from StringIO import StringIO
77
78 from CedarBackup2.util import encodePath, executeCommand
79 from CedarBackup2.config import Config, OptionsConfig
80 from CedarBackup2.customize import customizeOverrides
81 from CedarBackup2.cli import setupPathResolver
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
93 """
94 Sets up a screen logger for debugging purposes.
95
96 Normally, the CLI functionality configures the logger so that
97 things get written to the right place. However, for debugging
98 it's sometimes nice to just get everything -- debug information
99 and output -- dumped to the screen. This function takes care
100 of that.
101 """
102 logger = logging.getLogger("CedarBackup2")
103 logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
104 formatter = logging.Formatter(fmt="%(message)s")
105 handler = logging.StreamHandler(strm=sys.stdout)
106 handler.setFormatter(formatter)
107 handler.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
108 logger.addHandler(handler)
109
110
111
112
113
114
116 """
117 Set up any platform-specific overrides that might be required.
118
119 When packages are built, this is done manually (hardcoded) in customize.py
120 and the overrides are set up in cli.cli(). This way, no runtime checks need
121 to be done. This is safe, because the package maintainer knows exactly
122 which platform (Debian or not) the package is being built for.
123
124 Unit tests are different, because they might be run anywhere. So, we
125 attempt to make a guess about plaform using platformDebian(), and use that
126 to set up the custom overrides so that platform-specific unit tests continue
127 to work.
128 """
129 config = Config()
130 config.options = OptionsConfig()
131 if platformDebian():
132 customizeOverrides(config, platform="debian")
133 else:
134 customizeOverrides(config, platform="standard")
135 setupPathResolver(config)
136
137
138
139
140
141
143 """
144 Returns a dictionary of locations for various resources.
145 @param resources: List of required resources.
146 @param dataDirs: List of data directories to search within for resources.
147 @return: Dictionary mapping resource name to resource path.
148 @raise Exception: If some resource cannot be found.
149 """
150 mapping = { }
151 for resource in resources:
152 for resourceDir in dataDirs:
153 path = os.path.join(resourceDir, resource);
154 if os.path.exists(path):
155 mapping[resource] = path
156 break
157 else:
158 raise Exception("Unable to find resource [%s]." % resource)
159 return mapping
160
161
162
163
164
165
167 """
168 Indicates whether a command is available on $PATH somewhere.
169 This should work on both Windows and UNIX platforms.
170 @param command: Commang to search for
171 @return: Boolean true/false depending on whether command is available.
172 """
173 if os.environ.has_key("PATH"):
174 for path in os.environ["PATH"].split(os.sep):
175 if os.path.exists(os.path.join(path, command)):
176 return True
177 return False
178
179
180
181
182
183
185 """
186 Builds a complete path from a list of components.
187 For instance, constructs C{"/a/b/c"} from C{["/a", "b", "c",]}.
188 @param components: List of components.
189 @returns: String path constructed from components.
190 @raise ValueError: If a path cannot be encoded properly.
191 """
192 path = components[0]
193 for component in components[1:]:
194 path = os.path.join(path, component)
195 return encodePath(path)
196
197
198
199
200
201
203 """
204 Recursively removes an entire directory.
205 This is basically taken from an example on python.com.
206 @param tree: Directory tree to remove.
207 @raise ValueError: If a path cannot be encoded properly.
208 """
209 tree = encodePath(tree)
210 for root, dirs, files in os.walk(tree, topdown=False):
211 for name in files:
212 path = os.path.join(root, name)
213 if os.path.islink(path):
214 os.remove(path)
215 elif os.path.isfile(path):
216 os.remove(path)
217 for name in dirs:
218 path = os.path.join(root, name)
219 if os.path.islink(path):
220 os.remove(path)
221 elif os.path.isdir(path):
222 os.rmdir(path)
223 os.rmdir(tree)
224
225
226
227
228
229
231 """
232 Extracts the indicated tar file to the indicated tmpdir.
233 @param tmpdir: Temp directory to extract to.
234 @param filepath: Path to tarfile to extract.
235 @raise ValueError: If a path cannot be encoded properly.
236 """
237 tmpdir = encodePath(tmpdir)
238 filepath = encodePath(filepath)
239 tar = tarfile.open(filepath)
240 try:
241 tar.format = tarfile.GNU_FORMAT
242 except:
243 tar.posix = False
244 for tarinfo in tar:
245 tar.extract(tarinfo, tmpdir)
246
247
248
249
250
251
253 """
254 Changes a file age using the C{os.utime} function.
255
256 @note: Some platforms don't seem to be able to set an age precisely. As a
257 result, whereas we might have intended to set an age of 86400 seconds, we
258 actually get an age of 86399.375 seconds. When util.calculateFileAge()
259 looks at that the file, it calculates an age of 0.999992766204 days, which
260 then gets truncated down to zero whole days. The tests get very confused.
261 To work around this, I always subtract off one additional second as a fudge
262 factor. That way, the file age will be I{at least} as old as requested
263 later on.
264
265 @param filename: File to operate on.
266 @param subtract: Number of seconds to subtract from the current time.
267 @raise ValueError: If a path cannot be encoded properly.
268 """
269 filename = encodePath(filename)
270 newTime = time.time() - 1;
271 if subtract is not None:
272 newTime -= subtract
273 os.utime(filename, (newTime, newTime))
274
275
276
277
278
279
281 """
282 Returns the user's current umask inverted to a mode.
283 A mode is mostly a bitwise inversion of a mask, i.e. mask 002 is mode 775.
284 @return: Umask converted to a mode, as an integer.
285 """
286 umask = os.umask(0777)
287 os.umask(umask)
288 return int(~umask & 0777)
289
290
291
292
293
294
296 """
297 Returns the name of the currently-logged in user. This might fail under
298 some circumstances - but if it does, our tests would fail anyway.
299 """
300 return getpass.getuser()
301
302
303
304
305
306
308 """
309 Generates a random filename with the given length.
310 @param length: Length of filename.
311 @return Random filename.
312 """
313 characters = [None] * length
314 for i in xrange(length):
315 characters[i] = random.choice(string.uppercase)
316 if prefix is None:
317 prefix = ""
318 if suffix is None:
319 suffix = ""
320 return "%s%s%s" % (prefix, "".join(characters), suffix)
321
322
323
324
325
326
328 """
329 Equivalent of C{failUnlessRaises}, but used for property assignments instead.
330
331 It's nice to be able to use C{failUnlessRaises} to check that a method call
332 raises the exception that you expect. Unfortunately, this method can't be
333 used to check Python propery assignments, even though these property
334 assignments are actually implemented underneath as methods.
335
336 This function (which can be easily called by unit test classes) provides an
337 easy way to wrap the assignment checks. It's not pretty, or as intuitive as
338 the original check it's modeled on, but it does work.
339
340 Let's assume you make this method call::
341
342 testCase.failUnlessAssignRaises(ValueError, collectDir, "absolutePath", absolutePath)
343
344 If you do this, a test case failure will be raised unless the assignment::
345
346 collectDir.absolutePath = absolutePath
347
348 fails with a C{ValueError} exception. The failure message differentiates
349 between the case where no exception was raised and the case where the wrong
350 exception was raised.
351
352 @note: Internally, the C{missed} and C{instead} variables are used rather
353 than directly calling C{testCase.fail} upon noticing a problem because the
354 act of "failure" itself generates an exception that would be caught by the
355 general C{except} clause.
356
357 @param testCase: PyUnit test case object (i.e. self).
358 @param exception: Exception that is expected to be raised.
359 @param object: Object whose property is to be assigned to.
360 @param property: Name of the property, as a string.
361 @param value: Value that is to be assigned to the property.
362
363 @see: C{unittest.TestCase.failUnlessRaises}
364 """
365 missed = False
366 instead = None
367 try:
368 exec "object.%s = value" % property
369 missed = True
370 except exception: pass
371 except Exception, e: instead = e
372 if missed:
373 testCase.fail("Expected assignment to raise %s, but got no exception." % (exception.__name__))
374 if instead is not None:
375 testCase.fail("Expected assignment to raise %s, but got %s instead." % (ValueError, instead.__class__.__name__))
376
377
378
379
380
381
383 """
384 Captures the output (stdout, stderr) of a function or a method.
385
386 Some of our functions don't do anything other than just print output. We
387 need a way to test these functions (at least nominally) but we don't want
388 any of the output spoiling the test suite output.
389
390 This function just creates a dummy file descriptor that can be used as a
391 target by the callable function, rather than C{stdout} or C{stderr}.
392
393 @note: This method assumes that C{callable} doesn't take any arguments
394 besides keyword argument C{fd} to specify the file descriptor.
395
396 @param callable: Callable function or method.
397
398 @return: Output of function, as one big string.
399 """
400 fd = StringIO()
401 callable(fd=fd)
402 result = fd.getvalue()
403 fd.close()
404 return result
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528 """
529 Returns boolean indicating whether the effective user id is root.
530 This is always true on platforms that have no concept of root, like Windows.
531 """
532 if platformWindows():
533 return True
534 else:
535 return os.geteuid() == 0
536
537
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540
541
543 """
544 Returns a list of available locales on the system
545 @return: List of string locale names
546 """
547 locales = []
548 output = executeCommand(["locale"], [ "-a", ], returnOutput=True, ignoreStderr=True)[1]
549 for line in output:
550 locales.append(line.rstrip())
551 return locales
552
553
554
555
556
557
559 """
560 Indicates whether hex float literals are allowed by the interpreter.
561
562 As far back as 2004, some Python documentation indicated that octal and hex
563 notation applied only to integer literals. However, prior to Python 2.5, it
564 was legal to construct a float with an argument like 0xAC on some platforms.
565 This check provides a an indication of whether the current interpreter
566 supports that behavior.
567
568 This check exists so that unit tests can continue to test the same thing as
569 always for pre-2.5 interpreters (i.e. making sure backwards compatibility
570 doesn't break) while still continuing to work for later interpreters.
571
572 The returned value is True if hex float literals are allowed, False otherwise.
573 """
574 if map(int, [sys.version_info[0], sys.version_info[1]]) < [2, 5] and not platformWindows():
575 return True
576 return False
577