表 2.1. 「Quick guide to search terms」 provides a brief summary of all the search terms provided by aptitude. A full description of each term can be found below.
表 2.1. Quick guide to search terms
Long form | Short form | 説明 |
---|---|---|
|
Select the package bound to variable ; see Explicit search targets項.
| |
| ! |
Select any package that does not match pattern .
|
| ~aaction |
Select packages that have been marked for the given
action (e.g.,
「install 」 or
「upgrade 」).
|
|
Select packages whose versions all match pattern .
| |
| term1 term2 |
Select any package that matches both term1 and
term2 .
|
|
Select packages for which at least one version matches
pattern .
| |
|
~A
|
Select packages from the given archive (such as
「unstable 」).
|
| ~M | Select packages that were automatically installed. |
|
?
|
Selects anything if variable matches
pattern ; see Explicit search targets項.
|
| ~b | Select packages that have a broken dependency. |
| ~B |
Select package that have a broken dependency of the given
depType .
|
| ~DB[ |
Select packages that have a broken dependency of the given
depType matching
pattern .
|
| ~RB |
Select packages that a package matching pattern
declares a broken dependency of type depType .
|
| ~C |
Select packages that conflict with a package matching
pattern .
|
| ~c | Select packages that were removed but not purged. |
| ~D[ |
Match packages that declare a dependency of type
depType on a package matching
pattern .
|
| ~d |
Select packages whose description matches
description .
|
| ~E |
Select essential packages, those with Essential: yes in
their control files.
|
| ~F | Select no packages. |
|
Select packages that match pattern with
variable bound to the package being matched; see
Explicit search targets項.
| |
| ~g | Select packages that are not required by any manually installed package. |
| ~i | Select installed packages. |
| ~m |
Select packages maintained by maintainer .
|
| ~S |
Select packages for which a single version matches both
filter and pattern .
|
| ~n ,
|
Select packages with the given name .
|
| ~N | Select new packages. |
| ~o | Match installed packages that cannot be downloaded. |
|
|
Select packages that match term1 ,
term2 , or both.
|
| ~O |
Select packages with the given origin .
|
| ~P |
Select packages that provide a package matching
pattern .
|
| ~p |
Select packages with the given priority .
|
| ~R[ |
Select packages that are the targets of a dependency of type
depType declared by a package matching
pattern .
|
| ~RB |
Select packages that are the targets of a broken dependency of type
depType declared by a package matching
pattern .
|
| ~s |
Select packages in the given section .
|
|
Select packages whose source package name matches the regular expression
name .
| |
|
Select packages whose source version matches the regular expression
version .
| |
| ~G |
Select packages that have the given debtags tag .
|
| ~T | Select all packages. |
| ~t |
Select packages that are in the given task .
|
| ~U | Select packages that are installed and can be upgraded. |
|
Select packages that are marked with a user-tag matching the regular
expression user-tag .
| |
| ~V |
Select packages whose version matches version
(special values: CURRENT , CANDIDATE ,
and TARGET ).
|
| ~v | Select virtual packages. |
| ~W |
Select versions for which pattern matches any
version of the corresponding package, discarding local version restrictions.
|
名前
正規表現名前
に名前がマッチするパッケージにマッチします。これは「デフォルト」の検索モードで、~
で始まらないパターンに使用されます。
?=variable
Matches packages that correspond to the value of
variable
, which must be bound by an enclosing
?for
. For instance,
will match any package ?for
x: ?depends
( ?recommends
( ?=x )
)x
that depends
on a package which recommends x
.
For instance, the following search expression matches packages that conflict with themselves:
See Explicit search targets項 for more information.
?not(pattern
)
,
!pattern
Matches packages which do not match the term
pattern
. For instance,
「?not(
」 selects packages that are
not 「broken」.
?broken
)
![]() | 注意 |
---|---|
正規表現内に「!」の文字を含める場合、この文字を「 |
?and(term1
,
term2
)
,
term1
term2
Matches packages that match both term1
and
term2
.
?or(term1
,
term2
)
,
term1
|
term2
条件 1
と条件
2
のどちらか一方にマッチするパッケージにマッチします。
![]() | 注意 |
---|---|
正規表現内で「|」の文字を使用する場合、この文字を「 |
(pattern
)
Matches pattern
. For instance,
「opengl (perl|python)
」 matches any package
whose name contains opengl
, and also contains either
perl
or python
.
?action(action
)
,
~aaction
指定されたアクション
を実行予定のパッケージにマッチします。アクション
には、「install
」
(インストール)、「upgrade
」
(更新)、「downgrade
」
(ダウングレード)、「remove
」
(削除)、「purge
」
(完全削除)、「hold
」
(固定。パッケージが既に固定されているかをテストします)、「keep
」
(一時固定。パッケージが変化しないかをテストします) を指定可能です。
Note that this only tests whether an action is actually queued up to be
performed on a package, not whether it could be
performed. Thus, for instance,
matches exactly those packages that you have already decided to upgrade, not
packages which could be upgraded in the future (for
that, use ?action
(upgrade)
).
?upgradable
?all-versions(pattern
)
Matches any package whose versions all match the given expression. Each
version of a package will be separately tested against
pattern
, and the package will match if all of its
versions match. Packages without versions, such as virtual packages, will
always be matched by this search term.
This term may not be used in a context in which the versions to match
against have already been narrowed, such as within ?depends
or ?narrow
.
However, it may always be used within ?widen
.
?any-version(pattern
)
Matches a package if any one of its versions matches the enclosed term.
This is the dual to ?all-versions
.
This term may not be used in a context in which the versions to match
against have already been narrowed, such as within ?depends
or ?narrow
.
However, it may always be used within ?widen
.
?archive(archive
)
,
~Aarchive
Matches package versions which are available from an archive that matches
the regular expression archive
. For instance,
「?archive(testing)
」 matches any package
available from the testing
archive.
?automatic
, ~M
自動的にインストールされたパッケージにマッチします。
?bind(variable
,
pattern
)
,
?variable
:term-name
[(args
)]
Matches any package or version if the given
pattern
matches the package or version bound to
variable
, which must be defined in an enclosing
?for
.
For instance, the following search expression will match any package
x
such that x
depends on a package
y
which in turn depends on a package z
such that x
also depends directly on
z
.
See Explicit search targets項 for more information.
?broken
, ~b
Matches packages that are 「broken」: they have an unfulfilled dependency, predependency, breaks, or conflict.
?broken-depType
,
~BdepType
Matches packages which have an unfulfilled (「broken」)
dependency of the given depType
.
depType
can be
「depends
」,
「predepends
」,
「recommends
」,
「suggests
」,
「breaks
」,
「conflicts
」, or
「replaces
」.
?broken-depType
(pattern
)
,
~DB[depType
:]pattern
Matches packages with an unsatisfied dependency of type
depType
on a package matching
pattern
. depType
may
be any one of the dependency types listed in the documentation of
?broken-
.
depType
?conflicts(pattern
)
,
~Cpattern
Matches packages which conflict with a package matching the given
pattern
. For instance,
「?conflicts(
」
matches any package which conflicts with a package I maintain.
?maintainer
(dburrows@debian.org))
?config-files
, ~c
パッケージ自体は削除済みだが設定ファイルがシステム上に残っているパッケージにマッチします (つまりこれらのパッケージは、削除はされましたが完全削除はされていません)。
?depType
(patterm
)
,
~D[depType
:]pattern
depType
may be any one of the dependency types
given in the documentation of
?broken-
, as
well as depType
provides
: for instance,
will match any package that depends
on ?depends
(libpng3)libpng3
. If the short form (~D
) is
used and depType
is not present, it defaults to
depends
.
If depType
is
「provides
」, matches packages that provide a
package matching pattern
(the equivalent of
?provides
). Otherwise, matches packages which declare a dependency of
type depType
upon a package version which matches
pattern
.
?description(description
)
,
~ddescription
正規表現説明
にパッケージ説明がマッチするパッケージにマッチします。
?essential
, ~E
必須パッケージにマッチします。
?false
, ~F
This term does not match any package. [15]
?for variable
:
pattern
Matches pattern
, but the given
variable
may be used inside
pattern
to refer to the package or package
version this term to.
You can use variable
in two ways. To apply a
?
-style term to the variable, write
?
;
for instance, variable
:term-name
(args
)?x:depends(apt)
. In addition, the term
will select
any package or version that matches the value of the given
?=
variable
variable
.
For instance, the following term will match any package x
that both depends and recommends a second package y
.
See Explicit search targets項 for more information.
?garbage
, ~g
インストールされていないか、または自動的にインストールされたが現在はどのインストール済みのパッケージにも依存されていないパッケージにマッチします。
?installed
, ~i
現在インストールされているパッケージバージョンにマッチします。
デフォルトでは全てのバージョンがテストされるため、これは通常、現在インストールされているパッケージにマッチします。
?maintainer(maintainer
)
,
~mmaintainer
Matches packages whose Maintainer field matches the regular expression
maintainer
. For instance,
「
」 will find all
packages maintained by Joey Hess.
?maintainer
(joeyh)
?narrow(filter
,
pattern
)
, ~S
filter
pattern
This term 「narrows」 the search to package versions matching
filter
. In particular, it matches any package
version which matches both filter
and
pattern
. The string value of the match is the
string value of pattern
.
?name(name
)
,
~nname
Matches packages whose name matches the regular expression
name
. For instance, most of the packages that
match 「
」 are libraries of one
sort or another.
?name
(^lib)
?new
, ~N
「新規」パッケージにマッチします。
?obsolete
, ~o
This term matches any installed package which is not available in any version from any archive. These packages appear as 「Obsolete or Locally Installed」 in the visual interface.
?origin(origin
)
,
~Oorigin
Matches package versions whose origin matches the regular expression
origin
. For instance,
「!?origin(debian)
」 will find any unofficial
packages on your system (packages not from the Debian archive).
?provides(pattern
)
,
~Ppattern
Matches package versions which provide a package that matches the
pattern
. For instance,
「?provides(mail-transport-agent)
」 will match
all the packages that provide
「mail-transport-agent
」.
?priority(priority
)
,
~ppriority
Matches packages whose priority is priority
;
priority
must be extra
,
important
, optional
,
required
, or standard
. For instance,
「?priority(required)
」 matches packages whose
priority is 「required
」.
?reverse-depType
(pattern
)
,
~R[depType
:]pattern
depType
may be either
「provides
」 or one of the dependency types
given in the documentation of
?broken-
. If
depType
depType
is not present, it defaults to
depends
.
If depType
is
「provides
」, matches packages whose name is
provided by a package version matching pattern
.
Otherwise, matches packages which a package version matching
pattern
declares a dependency of type
depType
upon.
?reverse-broken-depType
(pattern
)
,
?broken-reverse-depType
(pattern
)
,
~RB[depType
:]pattern
depType
may be either
「provides
」 or one of the dependency types
given in the documentation of
?broken-
. If
depType
depType
is not present, it defaults to
depends
.
Matches packages which a package version matching
pattern
declares an unsatisfied dependency of
type depType
upon.
?section(section
)
,
~ssection
正規表現セクション
にセクションがマッチするパッケージにマッチします。
?source-package(name
)
Matches packages whose source package name matches the regular expression
name
.
?source-version(version
)
Matches packages whose source version matches the regular expression
version
.
?tag(tag
)
,
~Gtag
Matches packages whose Tag field matches the regular expression
tag
. For instance, the pattern
?tag(game::strategy)
would match strategy games.
タグや debtags についてさらに詳しく知りたい場合は、http://debtags.alioth.debian.org を参照してください。
?true
, ~T
This term matches any package. For instance,
「
」 matches
installed packages which are provided by any package.
?installed
?provides
(?true
)
~tタスク
正規表現タスク
にマッチする名前のタスクに現れるパッケージにマッチします。
?upgradable
, ~U
この表現は、あらゆる更新可能なインストール済みパッケージにマッチします。
?user-tag(tag
)
This term matches any package that is marked with a user-tag matching the
regular expression tag
.
?version(version
)
,
~Vversion
Matches any package version whose version number matches the regular
expression version
, with the exceptions noted
below. For instance, 「?version(debian)
」
matches packages whose version contains
「debian
」.
バージョン
が以下の値の場合は特別扱いを受けます。これらの値を含むバージョン番号を検索するには、値の前にバックスラッシュを置いてください。例えば、バージョン番号に
CURRENT
を含むパッケージを見つけるには、\CURRENT
を用いて検索してください。
CURRENT
は、現在インストールされているパッケージのバージョンがあればそれにマッチします。
CANDIDATE
は、パッケージの上で + を押したりそれに対して
aptitude install
を実行したりした場合にインストールされるパッケージのバージョンがあれば、それにマッチします。
TARGET
は、現在インストール対象になっているパッケージのバージョンがあればそれにマッチします。
?virtual
, ~v
Matches any package which is purely virtual: that is, its name is provided
by a package or mentioned in a dependency, but no package of that name
exists. For instance,
「?vortial!
」 matches
packages which are virtual and are not provided by any package: ie, packages
which are depended upon but do not exist.
?provides
(?true
)
?widen(pattern
)
,
~Wpattern
「Widens」 the match: if the versions to match against have been
limited by an enclosing term (such as ?depends
), these limits are
dropped. Thus,
matches a
package version if ?widen
(pattern
)pattern
matches
any version of that package.