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APT HOWTO
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1.1 Basic terminology and concepts

Here you can find some basic terminology and concepts used on this manual:

APT source: an APT source is a location (often on the internet, or possibly on a CDROM or other location) which functions as a repository of Debian packages, see /etc/apt/sources.list ÆÄÀÏ, 3.1.

APT source line: an APT source line is a line you add to a configuration file to tell APT about the "Apt sources" you want to use, see /etc/apt/sources.list ÆÄÀÏ, 3.1.

binary package: a binary package is a .deb file prepared to be installed by the package manager (dpkg), it may include binary files but may also carry just architecture-independent data -- it's called binary package either way.

debian-native: package created specifically for Debian, this kind of package usually has the debian control files inside the original source and every new version of the package is also a new version of the original program or data.

debianize: verb usually used to mean "prepare for use with Debian" or, more simply put, packaged in .deb format.

source package: a source package is really an abstract definition to a set of two or three files which are part of the deb source format: a .dsc file, which contains information about the package, also called source control file; a .orig.tar.gz file, which contains the original upstream source for that package -- you may also find this being called .tar.gz, simply, with no .orig, meaning this is a debian-native package; a .diff.gz file, which carries the modifications made to the original source to "debianize" the package -- you will not find this kind of file on a debian-native package.

upstream: this word usually means something that comes from the original developer of the software or data, or the developer himself.

virtual packages: virtual packages are packages that do not really exist, but that are generic services "provided" by some specific packages -- the most common example is the mail-transport-agent package, to which packages that need an MTA[1] can specify a dependency while keeping the user choice as to which MTA to use.


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APT HOWTO

2.0.2 - October 2006

Gustavo Noronha Silva kov@debian.org
Çѱ¹¾î ¹ø¿ª: ¾çÀ¯¼º yooseong@debian.org