配置

DNS 配置文件被保存在 /etc/bind 目录中。主配置文件叫 /etc/bind/named.conf。缺省配置文件的内容如下所示:

// This is the primary configuration file for the BIND DNS server named.
//
// Please read /usr/share/doc/bind9/README.Debian.gz for information on the 
// structure of BIND configuration files in Debian, *BEFORE* you customize 
// this configuration file.
//
// If you are just adding zones, please do that in /etc/bind/named.conf.local

include "/etc/bind/named.conf.options";

// prime the server with knowledge of the root servers
zone "." {
	type hint;
	file "/etc/bind/db.root";
};

// be authoritative for the localhost forward and reverse zones, and for
// broadcast zones as per RFC 1912

zone "localhost" {
	type master;
	file "/etc/bind/db.local";
};

zone "127.in-addr.arpa" {
	type master;
	file "/etc/bind/db.127";
};

zone "0.in-addr.arpa" {
	type master;
	file "/etc/bind/db.0";
};

zone "255.in-addr.arpa" {
	type master;
	file "/etc/bind/db.255";
};

// zone "com" { type delegation-only; };
// zone "net" { type delegation-only; };

// From the release notes:
//  Because many of our users are uncomfortable receiving undelegated answers
//  from root or top level domains, other than a few for whom that behaviour
//  has been trusted and expected for quite some length of time, we have now
//  introduced the "root-delegations-only" feature which applies delegation-only
//  logic to all top level domains, and to the root domain.  An exception list
//  should be specified, including "MUSEUM" and "DE", and any other top level
//  domains from whom undelegated responses are expected and trusted.
// root-delegation-only exclude { "DE"; "MUSEUM"; };

include "/etc/bind/named.conf.local";

include 行指定包含 DNS 选项的文件名。在选项文件中的directory 行告诉 DNS 在哪儿寻找文件。所有 BIND 用到的文件都与该目录相关。

叫做 /etc/bind/db.root 的文件描述了世界上的根域名服务器。这些服务器会随着时间而改变,因此必须时时维护这个 /etc/bind/db.root 文件。

zone 部分定义一个主服务器,并将其保存在 file 标签所指定的文件中。每个 zone 文件包括 3 个资源记录 (RRs):一个 SOA RR、一个 NS RR 以及一个 PTR RR。SOA 是授权开始的缩写。"@" 符是一个特定的符号表示原点。NS 是名称服务器 RR。PTR 是域名指针。要开始 DNS 服务器,可以在终端提示符后运行以下命令:

sudo /etc/init.d/bind9 start

详情您可以参考在参考部分所提及的文档。