AmaNqaku okuKhutshwa

I-Ubuntu Hoary Hedgehog 5.04

Nick Loeve

Sean Wheller

Revision History
Revision 0.118 Jan 05
Initial document
Revision 0.218 Jan 05
Document structure
Revision 0.321 Jan 05
Document structure, imported release goals
Revision 0.419 Feb 05
What's new section created
Revision 0.525 Feb 05
Contributors, Upgrade Notes and Introduction added.
Revision 0.61 March 05
Added feedback from development team.
Revision 0.75 March 05
Added additional feedback from development team. Added screenshots where appropriate.
Revision 0.815 March 05
Added Kubuntu.

Abstract

Olu xwebhu luqulathe amanqaku okukhutshwa lwe-Ubuntu Hoary Hedgehog 5.04 .


Table of Contents

Intshayelelo
Yintoni eNtsha
Phucula amaNqaku
UPhuculo lwangaPhambili
UPhuculo lwangaPhambili
Iicredit

Intshayelelo

Wamkelekile kwi-Ubuntu 5.04 Hoary Hedgehog ! Eli nqakwana licacisa ezinye kwiimpawu ezintsha nophuculo olunikezwa koku kukhutshwa, kwakunye nabanikeli bokuqala. Okudityanisiweyo ngamanqakwana awodwa ophuculo asuka kukukhutshwa kwangaphambili kwe-Ubuntu.

Yintoni eNtsha

I-Ubuntu 5.04 Hoary Hedgehog inikezela ezi mpawu zintsha zilandelayo nophuculo:

I-Ubuntu kwi-Desktop

I-GNOME 2.10

I-Ubuntu 5.04 iquka ukukhutshwa kwe-2.10 lwe-GNOME desktop. Xa ufuna ulwazi olulolunye, jonga i-website GNOME.

Abanikeli

I-KDE 3.4

I-K Desktop Environment ye-Ubuntu (Kubuntu) ngoku iyafumaneka. Abaphuhlisi be-kubuntu bayile indawo emanyaniswe ngokufanelekileyo kwi-KDE desktop nokuzinza kunye nokuthembeka kondoqo we-Ubuntu. Le desktop ikhawulezileyo, nemelwe ngokwaneleyo akululanga nje ukuyilawula koko ikwagcwaliswe ngeenkqubo eziluncedo kunye nezinto ezinomtsalane emehlweni.

Abanikeli

I-X.org

I-Ubuntu 5.04 iquka iseva ye-X esuka kwi-X.org. Amakhadi evidiyo kubathengisi abaninzi nabaphambili bevidiyo ngoku bayaxhaswa. Ukucinywa okuphuculweyo okuzenzekelayo kuvumela phantsi ukufunyanwa kwekhadi levidiyo jikelele. Kukwakho nolwandiso lwemisebenzi emikhulu kwii-ATI drivers ezisemgangathweni neziyimfanelo, neze-Nvidia drivers. Xa ufuna ulwazi olulolunye, jonga kwi-website X.org.

Abanikeli

ULawulo loMqulu

I-Ubuntu 5.04 iquka imiqulu emibini emitsha ekunceda ukuba ugcine ikhompyutha yakho ihlale ihlaziyekile: i-update-manager ne-upgrade-notifier. UMlawuli womqulu we-Synaptic nawo uquka inkxaso yokuphucula uSasazo lwakho lwe-Ubuntu.

i-update-manager ngumqulu okuvumela ukuba uphucule ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo i-software yakho ngasemva. Inkqubo ilula kodwa ngaphandle kokuchubekileyo okhetha kuko nokunikezwa ngumlawuli womqulu we-Synaptic. Umqulu olungileyo kubantu abathanda izinto ezilula njengokucofa kanye kuphuculo, nokufanayo noko kufumaneka kwezinye iinkqubo ezisebenzayo.

IFestile eNkulu yoMlawuli woHlaziyo lwe-Ubuntu

i-upgrade-notifier ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba bafumane izaziso zokuba uhlaziyo luyafumaneka, kwakunye nokubakhumbuza ukuba bagcine ikhompyutha yabo ihlaziyiwe.

Abanikeli

AmaXwebhu e-Ubuntu

I-Ubuntu 5.04 ibone iQela lamaXwebhu le-Ubuntu lisenza iSikhokelo esaziwa njenge-Ubuntu FAQ Guide, i-Ubuntu Quick Guide, namanye amaxwebhu achaza ukuba i-Ubuntu yintoni na kunye neempawu/imisebenzi ekhoyo kukhutsho lwangoku.

ISikhokelo se-Ubuntu FAQ sijolise ekuphenduleni eyona mibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo ngabasebenzisi. ISikhokelo se-Ubuntu yintshayelelo ye-Ubuntu Desktop, echaza i-GNOME Desktop nemisebenzi/neenkqubo ezifumanekayo kufakelo olusemgangathweni.

Abanikeli

UkuSebenza kweNkqubo

I-Readahead

I-Readahead ikhawulezisa inkqubo ye-boot ngokukopa ulwazi kwidiski ukuya kwimemori ngaphambi kokuba lufuneke, ikwathatha ithuba elivelayo kubume obungazinzanga kulandelelwano lwe-boot.

Abanikeli

INkqubo eKhawulezayo ye-Boot

I-Ubuntu 5.04 inenkqubo ekhawulezayo ye-boot. Kwenziwe uphuculo kuqaliso lweseva ye-X, i-GNOME Display Manager (GDM) nenkqubo yoshicilelo ye-CUPS. Inkqubo ye-hotplug, nevumela abasebenzisi ukuba "hot-swap" USB, IEEE 1394/izixhobo ze-Firewire, ezinye izixhobo ezikhuphekayo, nezingakhuphekiyo ezinjengamakhadi e-PCI, ngoku zisebenzisa i-grepmap ukwenza inkqubo ye-boot ikhawuleze.

Abanikeli

i-grepmap

i-grepmap isetyenziselwa ukuphucula isantya senkqubo ye-hotplug, nevumela ukuba wenze i-'hot-swap' kwizixhobo ezinjenge-USB ne-IEEE 1394/firewire devices.

Abanikeli

INkxaso ye-Hardware

UkuMiswa kwe-Laptop

I-Ubuntu 5.04 inikezela inkxaso ekumiseni ii-laptop kwi-RAM (kwimo elindileyo) nokumisa idiski (kwimo ye-hibernate). Olu phawu lungangasebenzi ngokumiselweyo ngokuxhomekeka kulwakhiwo lwekhompyutha.

Abanikeli

Nqumanisa kwiDiski

I-Ubuntu 5.04 inikezela inkxaso yokunqumamisa kwidiski. Olu phawu luyavulwa xa lufumaneka, ngumseki-zixhobo. Ukuba uphucula ukusuka kwi-Ubuntu 4.10, nceda udibane namaNqaku oPhuculo ukuze ufumane ulwazi olulolunye.

Abanikeli

I-Processor Frequency Scaling

I-Ubuntu 5.04 ixhasa i-Processor Frequency Scaling, uphawu oluhlenga-hlengisa isantya se-CPU ekuhlangabezeni ubango olukhoyo. Isiphumo ngumthwalo oncitshisiweyo kwibhetri ye-laptop kunye nemveliso yobushushu encinci. Inkxaso ezenzekelayo ye-driver ngoku iyafumaneka kuluhlu olubanzi lwe-hardware.

Abanikeli

I-X.org

I-Ubuntu 5.04 iquka iseva ye-X esuka kwi-X.org. Xa ufuna ulwazi olulolunye, jonga kwi-website X.org.

Abanikeli

I-Hardware Database

I-Ubuntu 5.04 iquka inkxaso yokwenza uluhlu lolwazi nge-hardware ngokunxulumene nomiselo lwenkqubo/nofakelo kwakunye nokulandela umkhondo wobubanzi benkxaso ye-Ubuntu kwi-hardware. Olona phawu luphambili lwedatabase ye-hardware kukukwazi koluntu ukuba negalelo kulwazi oluya kuncedisa iqela lophuhliso ekuphuculeni inkxaso ye-Ubuntu kwi-hardware yabo.

Abanikeli

Ukufakela i-Ubuntu

Ukuhambelana kwe-Kickstart

I-Ubuntu 5.04 iqalisa i-Kickstart compatibility ukuze umlawuli wenkqubo akwazi ukuchaza ufakelo lwee-parameter kanye, aze afake i-Ubuntu kwinani loomatshini ngokugqitha kwi-CD-ROM, local hard drive, NFS, FTP, okanye HTTP.

Abanikeli

I-Unified Hardware Detection

I-Ubuntu 5.04 ngoku inenkqubo edityanisiweyo yokufumana i-hardware. I-Live CD, isifaki-zixhobo senkqubo, kunye nenkqubo yoseko-zixhobo zonke zisebenzisa hotplug. Ukuba i-Live CD ifumana ngokuchanekileyo kwaye imisele i-hardware, nesiseki-zixhobo siya kwenza njalo. I-Live CD ngoku ingasetyenziswa kuvavanyo lwe-hardware efanayo phambi kokuba kufakwe i-Ubuntu.

Abanikeli

ISikhethi se-Keyboard Layout

I-Ubuntu 5.04 inenkqubo yokhetho i-keyboard layout ephuculweyo. Ngexesha loseko-zixhobo, abasebenzisi akusayi kubakho mfuneko ukuba bazi nantoni na malunga ne-keyboard layout, umiselo oluchanekileyo olumiselweyo, i-xkb layout efanelekileyo, okanye oko kusetyenziswa kulwakhiwo (PS/2, USB). I-keyboard layout ikhethwa xa umsebenzisi ecofe amaqhosha athile.

ISiseki-zixhobo se-Interactive Keyboard Layout

Abanikeli

Useko-zixhobo olusuka kwi-USB

I-Ubuntu 5.04 ngoku ixhasa useko-zixhobo lwezixhobo ze-USB.

Abanikeli

I-DVD inoSeko-zixhobo zeMifanekiso

I-Ubuntu 5.04 ngoku inikezela imifanekiso yoseko-zixhobo olusuka kwi-DVD. I-DVD inoseko-zixhobo lwemifanekiso oluquka yonke imiqulu yenkxaso, ukuquka naleyo iNgenalo useko-zixhobo ngokumiselweyo.

Abanikeli

Yonke iMibuzo yeSifakeli ikAll Installer Questions in First Stage

I-Ubuntu 5.04 ngoku ithatha zonke izigqibo negalelo labasebenzisi kwinqanam lokuqala lenkqubo yofakelo-zixhobo. Xa sele ulwimi loseko-zixhobo lukhutshiwe, nenkqubo yenziwe kutsha, onke amanqanam alandelayo oseko-zixhobo angazenzekela ngokunokwawo.

Abanikeli

Imowudi yoHlangulo

I-Ubuntu 5.04 ngoku iquka iMowudi yoHlangulo kwinkqubo yoseko-zixhobo ukuvumela ulungiso lwenkqubo nolwakhiwo ngokutsha.

Abanikeli

I-Live CD

Isibonelelo eSitsha se-Live CD

I-Ubuntu 5.04 iqalise ngesibonelelo esitsha se-Live CD esivumela i-Live CD kulwakhiwo lulonke lwe-Ubuntu oluxhaswa ngokuseburhulumenteni, uyilo nolwakhiwo olulula nolugcinekayo, kunye nenkqubo emanyaneyo yokubona nemiselweyo ye-hardware.

Abanikeli

KwiZizwe ngeZizwe noFikelelo Ngqo kwiNgingqi

IiPakethe zoLwimi

I-Ubuntu 5.04 iqalise imiqulu yolwimi. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba baseke izixhobo zolwazi kufikeleleko ngqo kwiNgingqi olusuka kwi-database esembindini njengomqulu omnye, endaweni yenkqubo nganye okanye umqulu ngamnye. Oku kuphucula ugcino lweelwimi/kwingingqi nogcino kwidiski. Oku kukwavumela uguqulo lolwimi ukuba lusuke ngqo kwi-Rosetta.

Abanikeli

INkxaso ye-UTF-8 eMiselweyo

I-Ubuntu 5.04 isebenzisa i-UTF-8 njengonxulumano olumiselweyo nolufikelela ngqo, kwaye luquka ukufana kwemfuduko kuphuculo. I-UTF-8 ivumela inkxaso kwingqokelela yoonobumba bezizwe ngezizwe kumxokelelwano weefayili uwonke kunye neenkqubo.

Abanikeli

I-Ubuntu yoMphuhlisi/uMlawuli

UBungqina be-Apt

I-Ubuntu 5.04 ivumela i-APT kumqulu ekugcinwa kuwo izinto ezifihlakeleyo neziqinisekisiweyo . Ulawulo loqinisekiso lukwafumaneka kwi-Synaptic.

I-Synaptic Apt Authentication

Abanikeli

Ukucinezelwa kwe-Bzip2 kwiMiqulu

I-Ubuntu 5.04 ixhasa i-Bzip2 yemiqulu ecinezelweyo ye-Debian. Oku kuvumela ugcino lwendawo olubalulekileyo kwimiqulu enemibhalo enzima, kunye nezongezo zemiqulu emincinci.

Abanikeli

INkqubo ye-UID

Kwi-Ubuntu 5.04 iinkqubo ezininzi eziqhutywa njengomsebenzi onikwe amandla akhethekileyo (okanye okulinganayo) kwezinye ii-platform/kusasazo, zisebenza njengabasebenzisi abaneemfanelo ezingephi. Okuqukwe kuluhlu ngexesha lokukhutshwa yi-klogd, syslogd, cupsd, hald, ntpd, procmail, smbmount/smbumount, jackd, login, gpg/gnupg, hpoj, ne-at. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba ukhuseleko kwezi nkqubo alusayi kuphinda luchaphazele inkqubo iyonke, koko kwinkqubo iyodwa.

Abanikeli

Phucula amaNqaku

UPhuculo lwangaPhambili

Procedure 1. Ukusebenzisa uMlawuli we-Synaptic Package

  1. Vula uMlawuli we-Synaptic Package

  2. Tshintsha indawo ogcina kuyo izinto ukufuna i-Hoary kwimenyu: Imimiselo->Indawo ogcina kuyo izinto.

    Ukusuka:

    URI: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
    Distribution: warty
    Sections: main restricted
                                            

    Iya:

    http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
    Distribution: hoary
    Sections:  main restricted
                                            

  3. Faka kwakhona uludwe lwakho loovimba ngokugqitha kwiqhosha Faka kwakhona.

  4. Cofa iqhosha Phawula Lonke uPhuculo elilandelwa liqhosha Sebenzisa.

Procedure 2. Ukusebenzisa i-Apt

  1. Qalisa iseshoni Itoliki yemiyalelo.

  2. Hlela uluhlu loovimba bakho:

    sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

  3. Tshintsha indawo ogcina kuyo izinto ku-Hoary.

    Ukusuka:

    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ warty main restricted
                                            

    Ukuya:

    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hoary main restricted
                                            

  4. Hlaziya uluhlu loovimba bakho:

    sudo apt-get update
                                            

  5. Phucula yonke imiqulu

    sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
                                            

UPhuculo lwangaPhambili

  1. Ukuba awusebenzisi i-NFS (Network File System) njengomxhasi okanye iseva, susa umqulu we-portmap:

    sudo apt-get --purge remove portmap

  2. Kucetyiswa ukuba ufake imiqulu ye-meta ubuntu-base and ubuntu-desktop ukuqinisekisa ukuba unengqokelela iyonke yemiqulu emiyo efakiweyo. Ukungenzi oku kungabangela inkqubo eyophukileyo.

    sudo apt-get install ubuntu-base ubuntu-desktop
                            

  3. I-Ubuntu 5.04 iya kuxhasa inqumamisa kwidiski, kwaye ngexesha loseko-zixhobo iya kumisela inkqubo yakho kulwahlulo lotshintshiselwano. Ukuba uyaphucula, kufuneka uzenzele umiselo ngesandla sokunqumamisa idiski. Ukwenza njalo kufuneka uhlele ifayili (usebenzisa sudo command) /etc/mkinitrd/mkinitrd.conf.

    Beka endaweni yomnye umgca #RESUME= ne- RESUME=/dev/SWAP apho i-SWAP kubekwe endaweni yayo ulwahlulo lotshintshiselwano. Ukufumanisa ukuba ulwahlulo lotshintshiselwano ngumyalelo sudo fdisk -l iya kushicilela kwiskrini uluhlu lolwahlulo lwediski enzima. Khangela isixhobo esineleyibhile ethi 'swap.'

  4. Ukuba awunazo izibonelelo zengingqi, ungafumanisa ukuba kubalulekile ukufaka language-pack-xx, language-pack-xx-base and language-support-xx (apho xx iyikhowudi yolwimi lwakho).

  5. Qalisa update-notifier uze ugcine gnome-sessionyakho ukuba ufuna isaziso sohlaziyo esizenzekelayo.

  6. Qala kwakhona ukuze zisebenze zonke iinguqulelo (iinguqulelo ze-Xserver, uphuculo lwe-Kernel, njl-njl).

Ukuphucula kukhutsho lwangaphambili oludala okanye kolunye unikezelo aLuxhaswa, kodwa izimvo zabanye abasebenzisi ngexa baphucula ukukukhutshwa okudala kwe-Ubuntu ne-Debian GNU/Linux kusenziwa amaxwebhu ngokwangoku kwi- Ubuntu Wiki.

Iicredit

I-GNOME 2.10

Abanikeli

Sebastien Bacher

I-KDE 3.4

Abanikeli

IQela le-Kubuntu

I-X.org

Abanikeli

Fabio Massimo Di Nitto, Daniel Stone

ULawulo loMqulu

Abanikeli

Ross Burton, Jeff Waugh, Michael Vogt

AmaXwebhu e-Ubuntu

Abanikeli

Sean Wheller, Enrico Zini, Nick Loeve, Alan Hood, Alexander Poslavsky, Ari Torhamo, Christoph Haas, Gordon Ingram, Jonathon Hornbeck, Kevin Muligan, Jeff Schering

Funda Phambili

Abanikeli

Thom May

INkqubo eKhawulezayo ye-Boot

Abanikeli

Thom May, Daniel Stone

i-grepmap

Abanikeli

Scott James Remnant

UkuMiswa kwe-Laptop

Abanikeli

Matthew Garrett

Nqumanisa kwiDiski

Abanikeli

Jeff Bailey, Colin Watson, Matthew Garrett

I-Processor Frequency Scaling

Abanikeli

Paul Sladen

I-Hardware Database

Abanikeli

Oliver Grawert

Ukuhambelana kwe-Kickstart

Abanikeli

Colin Watson, Fabio Massimo Di Nitto

I-Unified Hardware Detection

Abanikeli

Colin Watson, Andreas Mueller, Daniel Stone

ISikhethi se-Keyboard Layout

Abanikeli

Matthias Urlichs

Useko-zixhobo olusuka kwi-USB

Abanikeli

Colin Watson

I-DVD inoSeko-zixhobo zeMifanekiso

Abanikeli

LaMont James, Colin Watson

Yonke iMibuzo yeSifakeli ikAll Installer Questions in First Stage

Abanikeli

Colin Watson

Imowudi yoHlangulo

Abanikeli

Colin Watson

I-Live CD

Abanikeli

Matt Zimmerman, Andreas Mueller

IiPakethe zoLwimi

Abanikeli

Martin Pitt

INkxaso ye-UTF-8 eMiselweyo

Abanikeli

Martin Pitt

UBungqina be-Apt

Abanikeli

Matt Zimmerman, Michael Vogt, Colin Watson

Ukucinezelwa kwe-Bzip2 kwiMiqulu

Abanikeli

Scott James Remnant

INkqubo ye-UID

Abanikeli

Martin Pitt