桌面提示
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桌面提示

這部份詳細說明一些使用和自定桌面的提示

KDE 啟動時自動執行程式

  1. 當 KDE 啟動後,利用它的功能工作階段管理,能輕易地設定自動執行程式。利用它,您能調整 KDE 要怎樣啟動。

  2. Choose K-MenuSystem SettingsSession Manager from the Advanced tab on the top and then under Advanced User Settings section. Click the Session Manager button on the right. Ensure that the Restore manually saved session checkbox is enabled.

  3. 啟動您每次登入時都想執行的程式,設定好後,單擊K-選單儲存工作階段。完成後,每次啟動 KDE,您都會回到此配置。

  4. 另外的一種方法是將您想要自動啟動的應用程式的桌面項從 /usr/share/applications 複製到 ~/.kde/Autostart目錄。

當電腦啟動後自動登入到 KDE

當電腦啟動後自動登入一個帳號是可以的。不建議大多數的電腦使用者這樣做,因為這不安全和有可能允許其它的使用者獲得你的資訊。

  1. 進入系統設定 經由 KMenuSystem Settings。 在 進階 標韱下選擇登入管理員.

  2. 單擊管理員模式...,然後輸入你的使用者密碼以取得管理員特權。

  3. 選取便利分頁。啟動啟用自動登入,然後從下拉選單中選擇要自動登入的使用者並選擇合適的延遲時間。

重啟 KDE 而毋需重啟電腦

  1. 儲存並關閉所有開啟的應用程式。

  2. Ctrl+Alt+Backspace 重新啟動 KDE 或 X-Windows。

  3. If Ctrl+Alt+Backspace is disabled, open Konsole by going to KMenuSystemKonsole - Terminal Program. At the command prompt type the following and press the Enter key (if asked for a password, type in your user password followed by the Enter key):

    sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart
    

    (查看 “不讓 Ctrl-Alt-Backspace 組合鍵重啟 X” 以停用 Ctrl+Alt+Backspace.)

不讓 Ctrl-Alt-Backspace 組合鍵重啟 X

  1. Make a backup copy of your existing /etc/X11/xorg.conf file. To do so, open Konsole by going to KMenuSystemKonsole - Terminal Program. At the command prompt type the following and then press the Enter key (if asked for a password, type in your user password followed by the Enter key):

    sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup
    

  2. 開啟/etc/X11/xorg.conf進行編輯。按下Alt+F2 並在 執行指令 對話框 輸入下述的文字然後按 OK 鍵 (若要求密碼,輸入你的使用者密碼和按OK 鍵):

    kdesu kwrite /etc/X11/xorg.conf
    
  3. 將下面的行加入到檔案結尾:

    Section	"ServerFlags"
    	Option	"DontZap"	"yes"
    EndSection
    
  4. 儲存已編輯檔案並關閉KWrite

  5. 變更將會在你下次登入KDE時生效。若你希望立即生效,請手動重開KDE。(查看“重啟 KDE 而毋需重啟電腦”。)

手動啟動程式

Sometimes it can be useful to start a program manually, for example when the program does not have an entry in the menu. This is easy to do with the Run Command dialog.

  1. Open the Run Command dialog by pressing Alt+F2

  2. 輸入你希望執行的程式名稱並按下OK按鈕。

KDE啟動時自動打開 NumLock

  1. Open System Settings by going to KMenuSystem Settings. In the System Settings window select the Keyboard & Mouse option.

  2. Under the Keyboard section, locate the subsection titled NumLock on KDE Startup, enable the Turn On checkbox. Click on Apply to save your settings.

The change will take effect the next time you log in to KDE. If you want to test it right away, turn off NumLock and restart KDE (see “重啟 KDE 而毋需重啟電腦”).

Handle help:/ links in Firefox like Konqueror

Firefox is not installed by default so in order for this to work you will have had to previously installed Firefox. Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation for more information on installing applications.

Konqueror is able to handle help:/ URLs by default. Firefox is also able to handle these the same way however it requires you to manually edit the configuration of Firefox to do so. The following procedure will aide you in such configuration.

  1. Start Firefox by choosing left KMenuInternetFirefox Web Browser.

  2. 在網址列輸入 about:config 並按下 Enter 鍵。

  3. Right click on the list and select NewBoolean. Type network.protocol-handler.external.help as the Preference Name and true as the Value. Press the OK button when complete.

  4. Right click again on the list and select NewString. Type network.protocol-handler.app.help as the Preference Name and khelpcenter as the Value. Press the OK button when complete.

編輯選單

Kubuntu 使用 KDE 選單編輯器,所以您可以自訂您的選單及新增在軟體安裝後沒有自動增加到選單的應用軟體。您可以用以下的程序來新增,移除或是修改內容。

  1. Open KDE Menu Editor by right clicking on KMenu and choosing Menu Editor. If you have locked your Kicker, you can also open KDE Menu Editor by pressing Alt+F2 and typing kmenuedit followed by pressing the OK button.

  2. KDE 選單編輯器的左面板上,選擇子選單,新的項目會出現。

  3. Choose FileNew Item or press the New Item button. In the New Item window, choose a Name. Then add the Description, Comment, and Command. Select the icon by clicking on Icon. The Command will usually be the package name, Name is what will appear on the menu, and the Comment will appear in the tooltip that appears near the menu entry. Icons are chosen from /usr/share/icons/icon_theme directory by default, or can be chosen from anywhere in your files.

要改變項目的順序,在KDE 選單編輯器中拖動項目,。

進階桌面小程式

SuperKaramba is a system for bringing mini programs (desklets) such as weather forecasts, news tickers, system information displays, or music player controls onto your desktop, where they are sitting there in a symbiotic relationship of eye candy and usefulness.

  1. 安裝superkaramba套件.更多的資訊在額外安裝的應用程式上,請參考新增應用程式的文件.

  2. 安裝完成,請到KMenu工具SuperKaramba來開啟.

To download extra applets for SuperKaramba you can either select the New Stuff... button in the main window or you can go to KDE-Look.org and select the Karamba link.

安裝額外字型

本節介紹如何從 Kubuntu 封存安裝額外的字型。

  1. 要國際字型international fonts, 請安裝下列套件 (請看Adding Applications文件以獲得安裝額外程式的輔助):


    xfonts-intl-arabic
    xfonts-intl-asian
    xfonts-intl-chinese
    xfonts-intl-chinese-big
    xfonts-intl-european
    xfonts-intl-japanese 
    xfonts-intl-japanese-big
    xfonts-intl-phonetic

  2. 如果想要使用 微軟 TrueType 核心字型,請安裝 msttcorefonts 軟體包 (請參照 Adding Applications 一節)。

  3. 如果想要使用 Ghostscript 字型,請安裝 gsfonts-x11 軟體包 (請參照 Adding Applications 一節)。

If you prefer to download individual fonts by hand, you can install them easily by opening Konqueror and typing fonts:/ into the location bar. Then you can install the font, either system-wide or for personal use by dragging and dropping into the respective folders.

安裝Compiz Fusion

CompizFusion是一個使用3D圖形加速來達到新穎桌面特效及功能的計劃。這一個計劃是由整合Compiz和Beryl(一個以Compiz為基礎的計劃)。這一段描述了如何在Kubuntu 8.04上安裝CompizFusion。

Before installing Compiz Fusion, you may need to check whether you have the correct drivers installed for your graphics card. Please refer to http://www.compiz.org/NVidia, http://www.compiz.org/ATI and http://www.compiz.org/Intel for information about nVidia, ATI and Intel graphics card drivers respectively.

  1. Go to KMenuSystemAdept Manager - Manage Packages (when prompted for a password at the Run as root - KDE su dialog, type in your password and press the OK button).

  2. 安裝下列軟體包:


    compiz-kde
    compiz-fusion-plugins-main
    compiz-fusion-plugins-extra
    compiz-config-settings-manager

  3. After the installation finishes, you can run Compiz Fusion by pressing Alt+F2 and typing the following at the Run Command dialog followed by pressing the OK button:

    compiz --replace
    

下面過程描述如何去配置Compiz Fusion使得在啟動時運作。

  1. 使用Konqueror 來開啟 ~/.kde/Autostart

  2. Right click the content area and choose Create NewLink to Application. This opens a properties tabbed window.

  3. In the General tab, provide a descriptive name for the program e.g. Compiz-Fusion.

  4. Click the Application tab and type the following at the Command text box followed by pressing the OK button to finish and close the tabbed window:

    compiz --replace
    

    From now on, when you start KDE, Compiz Fusion should start up automatically.

To configure Compiz Fusion, go to K-MenuSettingsCompizConfig Settings Manager.

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